中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
专家详解 “阳康”网红食物******
“阳康”后推荐喝奶茶？黄桃罐头除了愉悦心情有实效吗？盐蒸橙子真能缓解“刀片喉”吗？在1月7日举办的上海科普大讲坛上，上海市疾病预防控制中心副主任医师、营养学博士汪正园对当下的一些“阳康”网红食物是否有效、为何有效进行了解答：
粥没有错，但更推荐牛奶
胃口不太好的情况下，大家可能选择喝粥来“续命”。汪正园说，“粥并没有错，但是粥相对来说，营养比较匮乏，能量密度比较低，吃多后把胃撑起来了，其他一些营养更好或者能量密度更大的食物就吃不下了。”
因此，他推荐牛奶或酸奶，“‘阳康’的人胃口不是很好，吃不下东西，甚至我们的嗓子不是很舒服的情况下，更推荐酸奶，因为酸奶能量密度更高，而且对乳糖不耐受人群更友好些。”
奶茶登上“推荐榜”
碳水化合物让人“又爱又恨”，但在抗病毒时它不可缺。“吃饱了才有力气减肥，同样，吃饱了才有力气对抗病毒。”汪正园说。
他表示，一般来说，好的碳水来源是主食和水果，如果真的吃不下，可以喝一些含糖饮料来作为能量的补充；含糖饮料中最推荐奶茶，因为奶茶的能量密度在含糖饮料中是偏高的，奶茶里还会加些料，营养素较一般的饮料丰富。
含糖饮料中，他还推荐运动饮料，因为运动饮料有一定的矿物质含量标准，可补充因发烧流汗引起的电解质损失。
黄桃罐头不仅是“精神罐头”
对于“网红食物”黄桃罐头，汪正园说，黄桃罐头是可以补充维生素和矿物质的，另外，罐头比较“凉爽”，对咽部比较友好，可以提高进食的舒适度。
他表示，罐头的甜味也会给大脑提供愉悦信号，“糖分在进入我们身体的时候，可以跟口腔里面的甜味受体结合，促使大脑分泌‘快乐分子’——多巴胺。”
盐蒸橙子真能缓解“刀片喉”吗？
盐蒸橙子能缓解“刀片喉”，汪正园说，这是因为橙子富含芦丁，芦丁可以降低血管通透性，消除喉咙肿胀。
那其他果汁是不是也可以？对于这个问题，他解释，芦丁主要存在于橙皮和橘络(果皮内层筋络)中，蒸食有助芦丁更好地溶解，这样吃起来会更多；而橙汁饮料相对来说芦丁的含量会很低。
他还介绍，富含芦丁的水果不仅有柑橘类水果(橙子、橘子、柚子、柠檬等)，还有西红柿、茄子、苦荞等。（记者 郑莹莹）
