中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
中国历史文化名城山西新绛的“非遗年味”****** (新春走基层)中国历史文化名城山西新绛的“非遗年味” 中新网运城1月15日电 题：中国历史文化名城山西新绛的“非遗年味” 作者 杨佩佩 木版年画、澄泥砚、面塑、剪纸、宫灯……临近春节，中国历史文化名城山西省运城市新绛县“非遗年味”渐浓。当地手艺人或印、或刻、或捏、或剪、或雕，一件件作品跃然指尖，民众感受着过年的乐趣。 连日来，山西绛州木版年画传承人吴百锁异常繁忙，春节订单不断，他每天从清晨开始印制年画直到深夜。“虽然忙碌，但这浓浓的年味让我乐在其中。年画最能体现年味，今年的订单除门神、‘福’字外，福兔年画也很受民众喜爱。”  福兔年画。 刘鹏 摄用棕刷饱蘸墨汁，均匀刷往雕刻好的木版，再将一张红纸轻轻覆在其上，然后用趟子从中心部位向四周趟平，自红纸一角轻轻提起，一只兔子跃然纸上。吴百锁介绍，作品中的主要元素是新春生肖“兔”，还加入白菜、钱币、元宝等元素，以此传递新春祝福。 “每天能制作300余幅年画，家里人帮忙包装、邮寄等，为即将到来的春节增添年味。”吴百锁说，赶制订单之余，他还要忙着参加多场春节活动，现场为民众制作木版年画，展示这一非遗技艺。  山西绛州木版年画传承人吴百锁制作木版年画。 刘鹏 摄同样忙碌的支藕叶是国家级非物质文化遗产项目新绛面塑传承人。记者在支藕叶的家中看到，她拿出一块提前做好的面团，经过指尖的捏、搓、揉、压、划等，顷刻之间，一只栩栩如生的兔子便制作完成。 面塑是流行于黄河流域的中国民间传统艺术之一。据记载，自宋代起，新绛县就有制作面塑的传统。每逢传统佳节，这里家家户户都会依照当地习俗，用上等小麦磨成面粉，制作面塑。  经过指尖的捏、搓、揉、压、划等，顷刻之间，一只栩栩如生的兔子便制作完成。 武俊杰 摄现年70岁的支藕叶从小便跟着家人学习面塑技艺，至今已有50余年。其间，她经过不断学习，在传统基础上进行创新，题材更加多样化。为迎接兔年春节的到来，支藕叶创作《兔年吉祥送百财》。 “兔子、鱼、白菜等元素都有很好的寓意，通过面塑作品为民众送上祝福，迎接新春。”支藕叶说，临近春节，当地的面塑手艺人都很忙碌，其中有很多是自己的徒弟，让她很是欣慰。  为迎接兔年春节的到来，支藕叶创作《兔年吉祥送百财》。 武俊杰 摄进入腊月以来，这座历史文化名城的宫灯制作技艺传承人冯怀林同样订单不断。在他看来，宫灯是每一个新春的等待与绽放，是历史留给现代民众的一种财富。 宫灯又称宫廷花灯，始于东汉、盛于隋唐，主要是以细木为骨架，镶以绢纱和玻璃，绘以各种寓意美好的图案。绛州宫灯在此基础上，融入剪纸、青花瓷等传统艺术元素，以适应当代人审美需求。  一把钝刀将飞禽走兽雕刻得栩栩如生，一支秃笔把传统技艺展现得淋漓尽致。 武俊杰 摄在冯怀林的家中，屋内院外随处可见挂着的宫灯，一把钝刀将飞禽走兽雕刻得栩栩如生，一支秃笔把传统技艺展现得淋漓尽致。冯怀林介绍，宫灯制作包括选材、设计、推平抛光、镂空、打磨等20余道工序。 20余年来，冯怀林在传承清代宫廷技艺的同时，掌握绘画、书法等多种技艺，并进行融合创新。他的宫灯用料考究，工艺精湛，因此慕名者众多。“春节前后最是忙碌，有很多来自山西、陕西、北京、浙江等地的订单。”冯怀林说，希望宫灯能够“点亮”新的一年。(完)
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